A vapor-fed high temperature proton exchange ethanol electroreformer has been developed based on the use of a H3PO4-doped polybenzimidazole membrane to produce green hydrogen. As a key parameter, this article describes the influence of platinum weight percent (wt.%) in the catalyst formulation from different commercial catalysts (20, 40, 60, 80 wt.% Pt/C and Pt black) on the activity (related to the H2 production), energy consumption, and CO2 yields. The structural and morphological analysis reveal that an increase in Pt wt.% leads to the formation of bigger nanometric Pt particles, resulting in a decrease in the electrochemically active surface area. In terms of the ethanol electro-oxidation activity, the Pt wt.% impacts on the performance of the electroreformer, with the H2 flux that increase from 0.22 STP (standard pressure and temperature, 273.15 K and 105 Pa) m3 m-2 h-1 for Pt black to 1.47 STP m3 m-2 h-1 for 60 wt.% Pt/C. The Pt wt.% also impacts on the CO2 percentages, increasing from values in the range of 20-40% for the 20 wt.% Pt/C to 45-55% for the optimum 60 wt.% Pt/C and, finally, decreasing to values between 30-45% for Pt black. These values are, in overall, higher than those of low temperature (< 90 °C) ethanol electro-oxidation systems.

ABSTRACT Burnout has become a subject of interest in the field of healthcare, where nursing is one of the most vulnerable professions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship and involvement of sociodemographic and job variables, as well as the intervention of certain emotional intelligence, perceived social support, and general self-efficacy factors in the development of burnout among nursing professionals. The sample was made up of 1,307 participants with a mean age of 32.03 years (SD = 6.54). An ad hoc questionnaire, the Brief Burnout Questionnaire, the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory for Adults, the Brief Form of the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale were used. Continuous work experience, attending to a larger number of patients, and male sex are the variables related to higher burnout scores. The logistic regression model provides data which back the involvement of certain sociodemographic (sex), work (employment situation and number of users attended to), perceived social support, and some elements of emotional intelligence (interpersonal, mood, and stress management) variables in burnout. The proposal of a model in which personal and employment variables are included is emphasized, which will have a repercussion on the improvement of a preventive intervention and, in turn, optimize the quality of healthcare services.

RESUMEN El burnout se presenta en los últimos años como un tema de interés en el ámbito de la salud, siendo el colectivo de enfermería uno de los más vulnerables por su interacción con el paciente y la necesidad de participar en equipos coordinados. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación e implicación de variables sociodemográficas y variables propias del desempeño laboral, así como la intervención de determinados factores de la inteligencia emocional, el apoyo social percibido y la autoeficacia general en el desarrollo del burnout en profesionales de enfermería. La muestra fue de 1,307 sujetos con una media de edad de 32.03 años (DT = 6.54). Para la recogida de datos sociodemográficos se elaboró un cuestionario ad hoc, se empleó el Cuestionario Breve de Burnout, el Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional Reducido para Mayores, el Cuestionario Breve de Apoyo Social Percibido y la Escala de Autoeficacia General. Una experiencia laboral continuada, con mayor número de pacientes atendidos y pertenecer al sexo masculino son variables que se relacionan con mayores puntuaciones en burnout. Hay una implicación de determinadas variables sociodemográficas (sexo), laborales (situación laboral y número de usuarios atendidos), el apoyo social percibido y algunos de los elementos de la inteligencia emocional (interpersonal, estado de ánimo y manejo del estrés) en la presencia o no de burnout. Es destacable la propuesta de un modelo en el que se incluyen variables personales y laborales, lo que repercutirá en la mejora de la intervención preventiva y optimizará la calidad en la atención de los servicios sanitarios.

Resumen El entrenamiento de la inteligencia emocional en personas mayores, ha demostrado su efectividad en la mejora de la calidad de vida. El objetivo es analizar los beneficios en salud, de un programa de estimulación cognitiva e inteligencia emocional para personas mayores (PECI-PM). La muestra estuvo formada por 28 alumnos de la Universidad de Mayores de Almería, que completaron la primera fase del PECI-PM. Para la evaluación (pre-post) de la salud, se aplicó la versión española del SF-36. Los resultados mostraron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas, tras la intervención, en las dimensiones de salud: Función Social, Dolor Corporal, Vitalidad y Función Social. La primera implementación del PECI-PM, revela efectos positivos del entrenamiento emocional sobre la percepción de la salud, en personas mayores.

Abstract Training emotional intelligence in the elderly, it has demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the quality of life. The aim is to analyze the health benefits of a program of cognitive stimulation and emotional intelligence for older people (PECI-PM). The sample consisted of 28 students of the University Senior Almeria, who completed the first phase of PECI-PM. For the (pre-post) assessment of health, the Spanish version of the SF-36 was applied. The results showed significantly higher scores after the intervention, the dimensions of health: social function, bodily pain, vitality and social function. The first implementation of the PECI-PM reveals positive effects of emotional training on perceived health in the elderly.

Este trabalho mostra os resultados correspondentes ao estudo da influência das variáveis de operação (temperatura, concentração de glicerol, de KOH e vazão de alimentação) de uma célula a combustível de glicerol direto usando o polibenzimidazol (PBI) impregnado com KOH como eletrólito e Pt/C como catalisador. A temperatura mostra um efeito favorável até o valor limite de 75 ºC, causado por melhoras na condutividade e na cinética. A concentração ótima do combustível que alimenta a célula é de 1 mol L-1 em KOH 4 mol L-1, fornecendo suficiente quantidade de combustível e de eletrólito sem cruzamento massivo ao cátodo nem limitações de transferência de matéria. A vazão de alimentação melhora o desempenho até um valor limite de 2 mL min-1, suficiente para garantir o acesso do glicerol e a saída dos produtos. Finalmente, o uso de catalisadores binários (PtRu/C e Pt3Sn/C) resulta benéfico para incrementar o desempenho do sistema.

This paper studies the influence of the operating variables (glycerol concentration, temperature and feed rate) for a direct glycerol fuel cell fed with glycerol using polybenzimidazole (PBI) impregnated with KOH as electrolyte and Pt/C as catalyst. Temperature displays a beneficial effect up to 75 ºC due to the enhanced conductivity and kinetics of the electrochemical reactions. The optimum cell feed corresponds to 1 mol L-1 glycerol and 4 mol L-1 KOH, supplying sufficient quantities of fuel and electrolyte without massive crossover nor mass transfer limitations. The feed rate increases the performance up to a limit of 2 mL min-1, high enough to guarantee the access of the glycerol and the exit of the products. Finally, the use of binary catalysts (PtRu/C and Pt3Sn/C) is beneficial for increasing the cell performance.